Ornamental paper and process of preparing same



etentcd d- 2 2 rish GEORGE E. $ENSENEY, OF HOLYQKE, MASSAGHUSE-TTS, ASSIGNOR T THE MARVEL- LUM No Drawing.

To all whom it may cmwe'm':

Be it hown that l, Gnome E. Smrsrmnr, citizen of the United States, residing at Holyoke, in the county of Hampden and State of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful improvements in Ornamental Papers and Processes of Freparing Same, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a novel process for producing variegated and ornamental color efiects upon paper, and to the product of the said process. e

. My process may be carried out in numerous variations according to the special ef-v 1 fects desired, not cm in res ect to the choice .of colors and the ve icles t erefor, but also as regards the manipulative features of the process. v

A characteristic feature of my process consists in subjecting paper of eny texture or surface finish to a diversified mechanical streming action distributed more or less throughout its area which will alter the structure of the paper stock in regular or irregular. lines or areas and thus lessen or break down the resistance of the paper in such lines and areas to color penetration. Creasing, crumpling and crinkling the paper will suppl the diversified mechanical stresses 3 mentioned and produce the regular or irregular lines of weaker resistance. This creasing or crumpling action may be ellt'ected by hand or mechamcally by pressure rolls, or other means.

The results obtained by such diversified breakin down of fibrous resistance in the paper or non-uniform color penetration will be enhanced by the presence of a color resist, i. e. a material tending to reslst 40 color penetration, impregnated in or coated upon the paper before said creasing or crum ling action takes lace. Such a. resist 13 provided by the size content of the paper which it receives in its ordinary course of'manufacture, but in the case of.

slack-sized paper which is absorbent, albumen, casein or waxy compositions may be applied as a resist.

- i It is -important to note in my process that both the fibrous texture of the paper and the. impregnated or coated resist is made more enetrable tothe coloring agent by the cross mg and crumpling of the paper preparatory teningthe paper after being creased,

ooarrnur, or neurone, Messaonossr'rs, A CORPORATION or MASSA- J: EROCESS 0F 'EBEPABI'NG em Application met m 19, rear. Serial no. 470,924.

to the application of the color. The color or color-modifyingagent may be applied to the paper thus prepared in any suitable manner and in any regulated amount necessary to give the desired. result, as by immersing the peper therein or spraying or brushing the paper therewith. The color or modifying agent will be taken up more readily at the lines and adjacent areas of greater penevention may be carried out in the following manner:

Paper which may be either sized or unsized is treated with any substance, including those above mentioned as appropriate resists, which will prevent or substantially retard the absorption bythe paper of water or aqueous solutions. Any oil or oily preparation will serve this purpose. The treated paper is then creased or crumpled, either by hand or by mechanical means, and, preferably after being again flattened out by any suitable ironing operation, is treated with an aqueous solution of a dye, which may if desired carry also a suspended pigment. The paper may then be pressed and dried, and will exhibit a variegated surface effect due to the irregular penetration of the color. For a further color effect, the sheet may then, if desired, be treated with an oil color, the oil preferably carrying a dissolved or suspended color or both, and the excess of oil color removed by wiping. The color will be taken up largely at the penetrable lines or areas, enhancing the variegated effect; but it will also be taken up to a lesser degree over the entire surface of the paper, by reason of the penetrabilit'y of the oil resist to the oil color. The ironing operation of flatartially smooths the surface thereof but oes not entirely eradicate the ridges and uneven surface produced by the crumpling -and creasi action. Therefore, if the oil color be brus ed or wiped on the paper, the color Bit till

coloring agent is then removed by Chill;

will accumulate against the ridges or uneven projections of the creased paper to produce a desirable toning efiect to the intensified areas of color. lhe paper is then finished in any desired way, according to the particular efi'ect desired, by such operations as calendering, plating, embossing and the like.

In a further simplification of my process it is applicable directly to the treatment of papers of any surface or texture, whether coated or not, provided they carry suficien-t size so that the crinhling or other mechanical treatment will suffice to bring about substantial variations in absorptive capacity for liquids. According to thismodification, the paper is crinkled or otherwise mechanically treated to form regularly or irregularly dis tributed, relatively penetrable lines or areas; and is then flattened out and wiped or otherwise coated with any coloring agent, such as a water color or an oil carrying dissolved or suspended colors or preferably both dissolved and suspended colors. The color and vehicle penetrate to the greatest extent at the local areas of relatively high absorptive capacity, producing variegated and highly ornamental effects, as described above. This penetration of the color in varying degree at difierent portions of the paper will also produce a variegated and ornamental efi'ect at the side of the paper opposite to that on which. the color is applied due to the uneven penetration of the color through the paper. The excess ofthe wiping, and the paper thereafter finished in any of the ways above mentioned. In this embodiment of the invention it is to be noted that the conditions for application of the color are so chosen, and the nature of the ornamental efiects are of such type, that an ordinary tub-size, or a surface size or coating, is capable of performing the essential functions of a resist, so far as permitting the production of variegated ornamental effects is concerned.

It will be understood by those skilled in this art that the operation may he modified in various ways without departing from the spirit of my invention. Among the modifications referred to I desire particularly to mention the following:

The resists used need not be absolute colorrepellents but may possess a certain solvent power for the color, or at least permit certain penetration of the color. This is the case, for example, with the albuminous resists when the color is applied in an aqueous vehicle, and also with Oll resists when the color is applied in an oily vehicle. It results from this that whereas the color reaches the fiber in a concentrated form where the resist is locally broken down, it reaches it in a relatively dilute form where the resist is intact, the resist acting in a sense as a reenter diluent for the color. In this way variegated, shaded, and blended efiects may be produced.

instead of applying a dye following the application and localbreaking down of the resist, I may produce essentially similar effects by uniformly dyeing the paper before or at the time the resist is applied, and then locally removing the dye by the use of an appropriate solvent, bleaching agent, or other color-modifying agent, after the breaking down operation.

The sizing and dyeing may be combined in a single operation, the dye being carried in the sizing bath. If desired, difl'erent dyes may be applied from opposite sides of the paper, as for example, by floating, spraying, brushing, or like operations.

The resist may be transparent, but in many cases I prefer to use it as a vehicle for transferring dissolved or suspended color to the fibers.

V hat I claim is:

l. The process of producing ornamental color effects upon paper, which consists in subjecting the paper sheet to distributed mechanical stresses adapted to produce local areas of relatively high penetrability; andthen applying a color-modifying liquid to the treated sheet, whereby the non-uniform penetration of the liquid produces a variegated color efiect.

2. rocess according to claim 1 wherein the paper carries a resist of a character to permit limited penetration of the color.

3. Process accordin to claim 1 wherein the color-modifying iquid carries a suspended pigment.

4-. Process according to claim 1 wherein the fibrous stock of the paper is impregnated with a resist.

5. The process of producing ornamental color effects upon paper which consists in crumpling or creasing the paper to produce irregular crease line areas of high penetrability, then flattening said sheet and then applying a color-modifying liquid to the sheet whereby the non-uniform penetration of the liquid produces a variegated COlor effect.

6. The process of producing ornamental color effects upon paper which consists in crumpling or creasing the paper to produce irregular crease line areas of relatively high penetrability, then subjecting said sheet to an ironing operation to partially smooth out the surface thereof and then brushing or wiping a liquid color upon the surface of the sheet whereby the non-uniform penetration of color into the body of the paper and the uneven distribution of color upon the surface of the paper produces viii color effect.

"Z. A colored ornamental ing line defining portions w llO tively higher penetrability to a color modifying agent than other portions of said sheet, said paper sheet showing a variegated color effect due to the non-unlform absorption of a coloring agent in said different portions of said sheet.

8. A colored ornamental paper sheet having line defining portions distributed throughout said sheet in irregular pattern, which are of relatively higher penetrability to a color modifying agent than other portions of said sheet, said paper sheet showing a variegated color effect due to the nonuniform absorption of a colorin agent in said different portions of said s eat.

9. A colored ornamental paper sheet having creased portions which are of relatively higher penetrability to a color modifying relatively higher penetrability to a color modifyin agent than other portions oi said sheet, sai paper sheet showing a variegated color efi'ect due to the non-uniform absorption of a coloring agent in said different portions of said sheet.

,In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature.

GEORGE E. SENSENEYQ 

